ABSTRACT
Intrapartum fetal monitoring is of great importance to ensuring the safety of the fetus during labor,timely discovering the fetal hypoxia and reducing the incidence of short-term and long-term adverse outcomes of the newborn. Cardiotocography has been widely recommended for fetal monitoring during labor in the world.The clinical interpretation of it includes the definition of the basic waveform,the physiological and pathological significance of the waveform,and the management according to the cardiotocography classifications. This paper summarizes intrapartum cardiotocography based on the relevant guidelines at home and abroad in recent years.
ABSTRACT
The effective fluid resuscitation and management can not only save time for subsequent treatment measures but also lay the foundation for correcting blood loss and coagulation dysfunction,which helps avoid organ damage due to volume disorder during the treatment of amniotic fluid embolism(AFE).Amniotic fluid embolism management includes three parts:the phase of controlling volume load in right heart failure to avoid aggravation of pulmonary edema,maintain hemodynamic stability,the fluid resuscitationin cycle support phasea and restrictive fluid resuscitation in DIC phase.